澳洲 Victoria University 大學研發的GEMPACK (General Equilibrium Modelling PACKage) 軟體,是一套多用途的經濟建模套裝軟體,特別適用於一般和局部均衡模型,並可以處理廣泛的經濟行為。GEMPACK 可以建立並運用可計算一般均衡模型(computable general equilibrium, CGE, model),並且具有求解過程簡單、可變動模組,及適用於政策分析等特點。
該方法在經歷 60 年代的短暫沉寂後,自90 年代開始,迅速成為政策分析的重要方法,廣泛應用於貿易政策、稅制改革、環境能源、產業政策 等方面的分析。在國外,對這種分析方法的關注正呈上升趨勢,一些政府機構、科研單位和高等院校正努力加強這方面的研究。
- GEMPACK使建模者能夠求解非常大型的非線性方程式。
- 一旦模型方程式被使用一種類似符號的語言指定後,建模者就可以擺脫求解過程的計算細節。
- GEMPACK軟體計算經濟模型的準確的解答。
- 所有的功能(基礎和高級)都有完整的文字說明、詳細的指令(包括許多手工操作示例)幫助新用戶快速入門。
- GEMPACK Windows套裝程式可以幫助您視覺化、探索編碼、資料和結果。
- GEMPACK 包含了強大的用於求解recursive-dynamic 和 fully-intertemporal 的能力
- 當出現問題會提示您發送回饋。
- GEMPACK是非常有用的教學工具。
- GEMPACK被超過90個國家的超過400個組織使用。
- GEMPACK會不斷地持續改善。
新版介紹
Release 12.1 includes new automatic homogeneity testing, further improvements to LU decomposition performance, faster GEMSIM, enhanced searching in the Tabmate editor, improvements to ViewHAR and ViewSOL and faster start times for graphical interface (GUI) programs. As well many small bugs introduced in release 12.0 have been fixed.
- Automatic Homogeneity Testing
- Most CGE models are homogeneous degree zero in prices and quantities. The automatic homogeneity testing is one method for checking the homogeneity, real or nominal, of a model. Two kinds of tests are available, a pre-simulation homogeneity check of equations and a homogeneity simulation for testing simulation results. In both cases results of the test are summarized for the user.
- To prepare a model for automatic homogeneity testing the user:
- Specifies the VPQType (Value, Price, Quantity, None or Unspecified) of variables. Several methods are provided which minimize the effort required by the user.
- Specifies the original level (ORIG_LEVEL=...) for ordinary change variables.
- Includes one of the following commands in a CMF file
- homogeneity check = real ;
- homogeneity check = nominal ;
- homogeneity simulation = real ;
- homogeneity simulation = nominal ;
- ViewHAR and ViewSOL improvements
- when displaying mappings ViewHAR now shows elements of the domain and codomain sets
- in ViewHAR keyboard combinations allow the user to select active sets (CTRL + LEFT, CTRL + RIGHT) and elements of active set (CTRL + UP, CTRL + DOWN)
- new menu items in ViewHAR and ViewSOL open explorer or CMD exe in current folder
- in ViewHAR and ViewSOL, while viewing the Contents screen or data, typing activates a quick search in the current column
- CTRL + X copies the contents of a single cell from ViewHAR and ViewSOL
- ViewSOL displays variables up to 5GB in size in 64-bit mode and displays a message about variables that were excluded due to size
- TABmate improvements
- searching highlights all matching text on the screen, not only the next occurrence
- non-greedy wildcard for regular expression search
- code completion with additional keyword information and keyword templates
- TABmate tabs can now be rearranged
- GUI program improvments
- the first 10 items in File menu most recently used (MRU) list can be accessed using 0-9 keys
- speed up of program start-up
- Source-code GEMPACK now supports Intel Fortran 19
Availability
Release 12.1 will be supplied to all new GEMPACK purchasers. Current subscribers to the annual payment scheme for the source-code version of GEMPACK are advised to download a free upgrade -- they should email [email protected] (specifying their licence number) for further details.
In some cases, Release 12.1 licences will need to be 'activated'; more details here.
Advice to GFortran source-code users
Note that GEMPACK 12.1 or later requires GFortran version 6.4.0. If you are upgrading to GFortran 6.4.0, first uninstall the older GFortran. [In Control Panel "Programs and Features" uninstall, for example, "MinGW-w64 version 1.0 GCC 4.8.1 prerelease (GEMPACK compatible)". More information.]
Advice to Intel Fortran source-code users
GEMPACK 12.1 requires Intel Fortran version 13 to 19 inclusive.
EXE files produced by GEMPACK 12.1 and the Intel compiler need to have access to a file called libiomp5md.dll. Normally access is guaranteed, since this file comes with both GEMPACK 12.1 and Intel Fortran. However, if you use GEMPACK 12.1 (or later) with Intel Fortran and intend to distribute TABLO-generated EXE files (for example, in RunDynam archives or in RunGTAP version zips) to other people who might not have installed Intel Fortran or GEMPACK 12.1, you should be aware of the missing DLL problem.
GEMPACK分為三個版本
Limited Executable-Image Version版、 Unlimited Executable-Image Version版、 以及 Source-Code Version源碼版
- Limited Executable-Image Version
只能夠處理小型或中型大小的模型,比如單個國家少於40個部門的模型,或多個區域達到9或10個區域和部門的模型。無須 Fortran compiler 編譯器。需桌上型電腦PC微軟Windows系統。 - Unlimited Executable-Image Version
能夠處理任意大小的模型。其限制在於您電腦的可用記憶體,記憶體越大可以處理的模型越大。無須 Fortran compiler 編譯器。需桌上型電腦PC微軟 Windows系統。 - Source-Code Version
同樣能夠處理任意大小的模型,而且求解大型模型比無限可執行鏡像版要快。另外,您可以重新分發您的模型給其他人。此版本需有 Fortran compiler 編譯器。
版本比較表
No Licence
|
Introductory or Large Simulations Licence
|
Limited EXE-IMAGE Version and Licence
|
Unlimited EXE-IMAGE Version and Licence
|
Full Source-Code Version and Licence
|
|
Solve medium-size model using model-specific TABLO-generated EXE program (see notes 1 and 2)
|
yes
|
yes
|
yes
|
yes
|
yes
|
Solve any-size model using model-specific TABLO-generated EXE program (see note 1)
|
no
|
yes
|
yes
|
yes
|
yes
|
Create and solve medium-size model using GEMSIM (see note 2)
|
no
|
no
|
yes
|
yes
|
yes
|
Create and solve any-size model using GEMSIM
|
no
|
no
|
no
|
yes
|
yes
|
Create and solve any-size model using model-specific TABLO-generated EXE program
|
no
|
no
|
no
|
no
|
yes
|
Create and distribute model-specific TABLO-generated EXE program
|
no
|
no
|
no
|
no
|
yes
|
Requires Windows PC?
|
yes
|
yes
|
yes
|
yes
|
Windows or Unix
|
Requires FORTRAN compiler?
|
no
|
no
|
no
|
no
|
yes
|
For fuller info, see:
|
-
|
Introductory licence
|
EXE-image licence
|
EXE-image licence
|
Source code licence
|
Note 1: Only source-code licensees can create TABLO-generated EXE programs. Such programs may be freely distributed to others, but they will only run large models if the user has some type of GEMPACK licence .
Note 2: Here "medium" means limited by the sizes spelled out. Included amongst allowable "medium-sized" models are ORANI-G with up to 35 sectors and GTAP with up to 12 regions and 12 tradeable commodities.
哪個版本符合我的需要?
- 教學:Limited Executable-Image Version是用於教學的理想選擇,包括在電腦實驗室中。我們使用Limited Executable-Image Version在一些大學的年度課程中。
- 建模新手:Limited Executable-Image Version是個好的初學版本。而如果您的模型變得太大,您之後也可以升級到Unlimited Executable-Image Version或Source-Code Version。
- 教師或博士生構建您自己的模型:Unlimited Executable-Image Version或Source-Code Version都有可以是您的選擇。
- 政策分析:對於使用大型模型的政府部門,研究機構,私營部門組織或學校,Source-Code Version最合適。
Requirements for installing GEMPACK are
- The PC must be running Windows 7 or later.
- The PC must have at least 2GB free hard disk space.
- The PC should have at least 4GB of memory (RAM), and preferably 8GB. Click on Help | About in the main menu of My Computer. This will tell you how much physical memory is available to Windows. The amount of memory you have limits the size of models you can build and run. Small models may use less than 128 MB of RAM, while large models may need 2GB or more. Windows itself uses up much memory. And to do useful things with GEMPACK, you'd very often need to have several GEMPACK Windows programs and perhaps an MSOffice application open at the same time. Each running program uses up RAM.
- If you are installing Source-Code GEMPACK you need first to install and test one of the supported Fortran compilers listed at http://www.copsmodels.com/gpfort.htm. That page links to compiler-specific instructions.
- You will need administrator access to the PC. In a work environment, you may need IT Support to obtain administrator access.
- 64-bit versions of GEMPACK will only work on a 64-bit version of Windows. 32-bit versions of GEMPACK will work on either 32-bit or 64-bit Windows. The install package will detect your Windows version and suggest the right version for you.
Advice to GFortran source-code users
Note that GEMPACK 12.0 or later requires GFortran version 6.4.0. If you are upgrading to GFortran 6.4.0, first uninstall the older GFortran. [In Control Panel "Programs and Features" uninstall, for example, "MinGW-w64 version 1.0 GCC 4.8.1 prerelease (GEMPACK compatible)"
Advice to Intel Fortran source-code users
GEMPACK 12.0 requires Intel Fortran version 13 to 17 inclusive.
EXE files produced by GEMPACK 12.0 and the Intel compiler need to have access to a file called libiomp5md.dll. Normally access is guaranteed, since this file comes with both GEMPACK 12.0 and Intel Fortran. However, if you use GEMPACK 12.0 (or later) with Intel Fortran and intend to distribute TABLO-generated EXE files (for example, in RunDynam archives or in RunGTAP version zips) to other people who might not have installed Intel Fortran or GEMPACK 12.0, you should be aware of the missing DLL problem.
RunDynam不包含在GEMPACK中,需要單獨訂購
RunDynam 是一個Windows介面,它為遞迴動態模型(recursive dynamic models)預測和政策偏離(policy deviations)分析提供了一個專業的環境,可用於處理MONASH、MMRF、Dynamic GTAP和其他遞迴動態模型。
主要特徵
RunDynam可以幫助您建立一個基礎案例(可能是預測),以及建立這個案例與一個應用GEMPACK的模型的政策偏差(policy deviations)。該模型建立在過去數年中年年遞進(即遞迴)的基礎上,並從最原始的資料開始處理。隨後的每一年,起始資料都產生於前一類比資料的更新。
您首先要瞭解基礎案例,然後執行政策偏差。您可以根據您的基礎案例來選擇該模型的任何一組資料登錄檔。您可以利用GEMPACK命令檔所需的語法來指定對文字檔的關閉和衝擊。您可以為基礎案例和政策運行中輸出的檔選擇名稱。您也可以在多種方法中選取模型處理方式。您可以在螢幕上查看基礎案例或政策偏差的分析結論,或將這些結論提取到其它程式中。RunDynam可以根據選取一定時間內的變數來製作圖表。無論是原始模型資料庫還是從基礎案例或政策偏差中更新的資料,您都可以查看或複製。
Storing and exchanging Simulation Details
The full specification of a multi-year simulation is necessarily complex, as different closures and shocks will be used for different years. RunDynam offers a way to conveniently and compactly store in one file all the ingredients needed to recreate a dynamic simulation. You can archive or recover these simulation details, or send them to other RunDynam users. This ability to share simulations with others is one of RunDynam's most useful features.
RunDynam授權說明
The RunDynam software is available to organisations wishing to use it to run either their own models or models supplied by others. There are two versions: a single-user Limited version which will not solve models above a certain size (eg, 10x10 GTAP or 39-sector ORANI-G); and a site licence which will work with models of any size. It is possible to combine the unlimited-size site licence with an annual subscription to source-code GEMPACK. This gives 3 options:
- a permanent, individual, limited-size, RunDynam licence
- a permanent, site, unlimited-size, RunDynam licence
- an annual subscription to site, unlimited-size, RunDynam, purchased in conjunction with an annual subscription to source-code GEMPACK.