Models:

Impact:

• Calculation of multiple collisions between several cars.
• 3-dimensional impact model (based on Kudlich-Slibar).
• Automatic calculation of post collision move­ment until the vehicle's rest Position.
• Collision optimizer: Automatic calculation of impact parameters (pre-impact speeds and point of impact loca­tion) using final stop positions. Calculation of bandwidths for the input parameters of the simulation using the „Monte Carlo" optimization algorithm.
• Tolerances for each input parameter can be determined for a given accepted overall trajectory error.
• Impulse model.
• Mesh model: Mesh force/deflection characteristics can be specified and PC Crash determines contact forces and deformations.
• Automatic calculation of primary and secon­dary collisions using default Parameters.
• Rollover model.

Kinematics - Kinetics:

• Kinematic module: For fast calculations of pre-impact, impact und post-impact movement, additional modules for velocity-distance-time calculations including avoidance, kinematic pedestrian calculation and overtaking calculations.
• The steering kinematics of buses and vehicles with trailer steering can be specified and are taken into account in the simulation
• Calculation of distance/time relationship (different diagrams with measurement-capabilities).

Multibody Simulation:

Preprocessor to define and configure multibody systems, the systems can be modified and positioned in a very flexible way.

• Calculation of occupant movements and loads with the PC-Crash multibody occupant and seat model (belted and unbelted). Interaction with the car interior is taken into account.
• Pedestrian model, the real vehicle shape is used in the calculation. Scaleable pedestrians by anthropometrical data.
• Bicycle and motorcycle models - by specification of joints and friction, fork deformation and spinning wheels can be simulated.
• Multibody systems can be loaded as vehicle surface for calculation of rollover and pedestrian contact.

Trailer Simulation:

• Simulation and impact calculation of truck / trailer combinations (steered trailers, unsteered trailers and semi-trailers can be modeled) using one or multiple Trailers.
• Securing load calculation - simulation of belt attachment.

FE-Module:

With the integrated FE-calculation module, collisions of vehicles against poles or guard rails can be calculated.

• Calculation of Shells, Solids, Rods with constraints and boundary conditions and different load conditions, contact handling and usage of different materials (elastic, elastoplastic, thermoelastoplastic).
• Import of Gmsh meshes.
• Multiprocessor support, batch processing is possible.
• Color coded visualization of displacements, stresses and strains.

Other Modules:

• Crash III module for EBS calculations based on the vehicle damage and the NHTSA crash database.
• Tire contact calculation.
• Axle load calculation.
• Securing load calculation.
• Limit method for calculation of pedestrian accidents.
• Sideview window to determine contact locations and contact heights especially for serial collisions.
• Active Safety.
• Import of digital tachograph data.
• EES-CNN: EES-Estimation from damage photographs using EES-CNN 
• Video Analysis - the speeds and positions of vehicles in videos can be evaluated automatically or manually by using AI.

Databases:

• DSD databases: about 50.000 vehicles included.
• Recondata: via an Internet connection, experiments, EES sheets and  true to scale Vehicle images can be downloaded from the respective databases.

Representation: 

The simulation results can  be represented in 2D (plan view) and 3D animations, the resulting values ​​are shown on diagrams and text output.

Drawing Program - Bitmaps:

An integrated drawing program enables the creation of accident sketches in 2D and 3D.

– Elements as intersection, roundabout and roads are included.
– 3D road objects can be created easily.
– 3D drawings can be imported as DirectX, DXF and VRML (*. WRL) format and exported as DXF and VRML files.
– Laser scanner data (asc, xyzrgb format) can be read and edited (also triangulated).
– Real-time sightlines can be drawn in 2D and 3D view. It is possible to determine the point at which sightlines are unobstructed.
– Traffic lights with adaptive phase plans can be loaded, and displayed in the Simulation.
– Multiple bitmaps can be loaded and merged in the 2D view. For png format, the transparency is supported.

3D View:

In the 3D window, vehicles and drawing objects are displayed in perspective view, either during the calculation or as onscreen animation. The direction is determined by placing the camera. Bitmaps can be used as ground picture (also on slopes) and as background image.

– Easy positioning of fixed or variable cameras, the positions can be imported and exported.
– Automatic generation of video animations, which can also be saved as individual Images.
– 3D vehicle models for a more realistic representation, and animated objects (pedestrians, horse and rider, animals) are included.
– 3D-degree panorama pictures can be inserted as background.

Diagrams - Values:

The calculation results are shown in diagrams with measurement capabilities or in the values window.

– Filter selection (CFC filters) for smoothing curves for time dependent Graphs.
– Diagrams can be exported as DXF or as Excel data sheet.
– The text of the values window can be exported in rtf Format.

Expertise:

In order to integrate the calculation results in a report, several options are available:

– Simulation protocols and simulation reports can be freely configured.
– A DDE interface to all office applications is available, which can be used to exchange data and results with PC-Crash. Calculation sheets can be designed in any office application and the data fields are filled by PC-Crash.
– Document templates for fast processing of standard accident situations.

Hardware Requirements

PC-Crash is suitable for all Pentium and higher computers, running Microsoft Windows 8/Windows 10/Windows 11. PC-Crash will run with 32 bit and 64 bit versions of these operating Systems.

事故現場重現軟體 PC-Rect 

掃描機和數位相機可以直接從軟體程式內使用，所以任何類型的照片皆可幫助真實呈現還原事故現場。最多可以使用10個不同的參考長度進行整流。所有攝影機參數，如攝影機傾斜度，旋轉，焦距和攝像機高度等，在使用參考長度的優化過程中計算。同時軟體亦可繪製道路草圖和事故現場描述的繪圖。

• Rectification of a single picture:
  All common bitmap formats are supported for import and export of scanned photo­graphs and rectified pictures.
• Connection of multiple pictures: PC-Rect allows the connection of several pictures using two common points in each picture.
• Rectification of multiple pictures with measurement grid:
• Lense distortion: As lenses cause distortion, especially at low focal lengths, errors in the rectification of the image can occur. By using lense correction in PC-Rect, these distortions can be compensated.
• Luminance calculation: For performing luminance calculation, the camera must be calibrated. By using a camera calibration file image data are converted to luminance and the visibility can be calculated.
• Panorama generation: Panorama pictures can be created automatically.
• Video rectification: The video must be divided into individual pictures, which are continously numbered.
• A cut-out has to be selected and reference distances have to be defined.
• Drawing program: A drawing program to create road sketches and accident scene description, is included.